Science_fiction_genre, Science_fiction_genre Information, Science_fiction


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A science fiction genre is a division (genre) of science fiction. Science fiction may further be divided along any number of overlapping axes.

Subgenres

Science

Genres concerning the emphasis, accuracy, and type of science described include:

Hard science fiction - a particular emphasis on scientific detail and/or accuracy
Soft science fiction - focus on human characters and their relations and feelings, while de-emphasizing the details of technological hardware and physical laws
Social science fiction - concerned less with technology and space opera and more with sociological speculation about human society

Characteristics

Main article: List of science fiction themes

Themes related to science, technology, space and the future, as well as characteristic plots or settings include:

Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction
- Cosy catastrophe
Biopunk - uses elements from the hard-boiled detective novel, film noir, Japanese anime, and post-modernist prose to describe the nihilistic, underground side of the biotech society
Dying Earth science fiction
Military science fiction
Mundane SF
Steampunk - denotes works set in (or strongly inspired by) an era when steam power was still widely used — usually the 19th century, and often set in Victorian England
Time travel
space colonization
Space opera - emphasizes romantic adventure, exotic settings, and larger-than-life characters
Spy-fi

Movements

Genres concerning politics, philosophy, and identity movements include:

Eras

Genres concerning the historical era of creation and publication include:

Cyberpunk - noted for its focus on "high tech and low life" and taking its name from the combination of cybernetics and punk
- Postcyberpunk - typically examining the social effects of a ubiquitous datasphere of computerized information, genetic engineering and modification of the human body, and the continued impact of perpetual technological change
Golden Age of Science Fiction - a period of the 1940s during which the science fiction genre gained wide public attention and many classic science fiction stories were published
New Wave science fiction - characterised by a high degree of experimentation, both in form and in content
Pulp science fiction
Scientific romance - an archaic name for what is now known as the science fiction genre, mostly associated with the early science fiction of the United Kingdom

Combinations

Main article: Genre fiction

Genres that combine two different fiction genres or use a different fiction genre\'s mood or style include:

Alternate history science fiction - fiction set in a world in which history has diverged from history as it is generally known
Comic science fiction
Science fiction erotica
Gothic science fiction - a subgenre of science fiction that involves gothic conventions
New Wave science fiction - characterised by a high degree of experimentation, both in form and in content
Science fantasy - a mixed genre of story which contains some science fiction and some fantasy elements
Science fiction romance - fiction which has elements of both the science fiction and romance genres
Science fiction Western - fiction which has elements of both the science fiction and Western genres
Space Western - a subgenre of science fiction that transposes themes of American Western books and film to a backdrop of futuristic space frontiers.

Creation

The marketing section of the science fiction publishing house or of a film production company will define the genre and subgenre of a work from experience (see genre fiction). Many publishers and production houses now specialize in genre and subgenre work. Publishers normally publish what they have experience with, so the criteria for defining genre or subgenre is whatever else is out there that is similar. A new definition usually comes about as a result of a buzzword included in the work that is considered an original subgenre. It is rare that a publisher will take on the challenge of a non-established genre or subgenre. Established writers are mostly responsible for creating new subgenres. On occasion a publisher may change the genre or subgenre of a work. They may also use multiple genres and subgenres.

Theory

The genre of a work is often discussed in academic circles and the conclusion of the genre or subgenre of a work may differ from the publishers or producers of the work. For example Gary K. Wolfe\'s Critical Terms for Science Fiction and Fantasy identifies over 30 definitions of SF not including speculative fiction and science fantasy.

Additional themes